Removable-tooth milling-cutter.



No. 630,081. I Patenm Aug'. l, |899.

H. s. BnowN.

BEMOVABLE TOOTH MILLING GUTTER.

(Application led Apr. 25, 1899.)

UNrTnn Y STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY SMITH BROVN, OF EASTON, PENNSYLVANIA.

REMOVABLE-TOOTH MILLING-CUTTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 630,081, dated August 1, 1899. Application tiled April 25, 1399. Serial No. 714,365. (No model.)

To a/ZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY SMITH BROWN, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of the city of Easton, county of Northampton, State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Removable-Tooth Milling-Cutters, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to milling-cutters, and comprises a cutter for milling or analogous machines which is provided with teeth which, while securely held in operative position, may yet be removed when desired-as, for instance, where a portion of such a tool has been damaged. By the employment of my invention it will be p ossible to replace the broken part and to so avoid the expense and wear which would follow were the whole instrument cut down into symmetry with the injured portion. In the drawings is shown a milling-cutter in which the teeth are arranged spirally upon a cylinder. Vi th this construction the grooves which will be left by the interstices between the teeth will be removed by the succeeding teeth, making a smooth cut. The invention is not, however, limited to anyparticular form of cutter and may be Iused wherever appli-v cable.

In the drawings, Figure I is an end View, partly in section, showing a milling-cutter with two teeth and also illustrating the method of removal. Fig. 2 is an end view of one of the teeth and its locking device. Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3 3, Fig. 2, the key being in full lines. Fig. 4: is a view similar to Fig. 3, except that the key and keyway are screwthreaded. Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5 5, Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is an end view on reduced scale, showing a milling-cutter without a central opening and indicating in dotted lines the positions of the tooth-sockets and keyways therein and also the use of screw-threaded keys. Fig. 7 is a detail view showing a screw-threaded tool for removing the teeth. Fig. S is a view in elevation, showing a cylindrical cutter to which the invention has been applied, and Fig. 9 is an end view of the cutter shown in Fig. 4.

As indicated in the drawings, Fig. l, A is the body of a cutter, made of metal. B B are removable teeth on the opposite sides of the `are desirably cylindrical in form, although this is not essential, and they may be made of angular form, if desired, the advantage of the cylindrical form being that the receivingsockets can be produced by simple drilling or coring in the foundry if the body is of cast metal. The outer end of each tooth is formed with a cutting edge bf such as may be desired and a depression or keywayf for locking it in operative position. The teeth B are inserted into sockets E, formed in the periphery of the cutter or body A in the desired positions, and the bottoms of t-he sockets E are formed with a shoulder, so that the bodies b of the teeth will fit down and seat squarely against 4the bottoms of the said sockets, where they should be held as rmly as is consistent with removal.

In the body A, parallel with and extending partly into the` socket E, is formed a way d for the key D, which is driven down into its way d and at the same time engages the depression formed in the front or, it may be, in the side or back of the body of the tooth to receive it. The center of the cutter A, as shown, is hollow; but this is not essential so far as myinvention is concerned. As shown in the drawings, an opening e of less diameter than the socket E is formed from the bottom of the socket into the central space o. in the cutter, and the opening e is in line with the opening'cl on the'opposite side of the tool, which normally contains the key for the tooth upon the opposite side.

The teeth upon the cutter are therefore arranged so that while their cutting edges are substantially upon the same axial line the opening in the base of the socket of one tooth is in line with the keyway of the locking device of the corresponding tooth upon the opposite side of the cutter, and the body A of said cutter may, so far as this is concerned, be hollow or solid. With this construction I am enabled to tit my removable teeth tightly into sockets which afford ample support, securing them and preventing them from turning therein by pins or screws, which are preferably arranged upon their front sides so as to give the full unbroken support to the back IOO sjs

of the tooth, making it practically as strong as though integral with its support.

In Figs. 1, 2, 3, 8, and 9 the locking pins or keys D are shown as short smooth pins of suhstantially even diameter throughout. These pins engage an equally smooth keyway, so that when it is desired to remove them they are driven through' the keyway, as will appear. In Figs. 4 and y5 I have, however, shown the locking-pin in the form of a screw, and with this construction the keyway is screwthreaded, as is alsothat portion of the tooththe depression-adjacent to and forming part of the keyway, and in referring to locking pins or keys it must be understood that both the plain'and the screw-threaded keys are intooth .might be driven through to eject the tooth in the opposite side, although for this purpose I prefer to use the tool shown in Fig. 7 after the key D' has been removed. The said tool C has a smooth shank (32 and is screwthreaded at its upper portion C3 to register with the screw-threads in the keyway, by engaging which it can, when turned, be forced through the keyway in the body of the cutter to .engage and eject the tooth von the opposite side.

As indicated in Fig. 6, the body F of the cutter may be solid, thereby differing from the usual form, which is indicated in Fig. l. The tooth-.sockets .G and the keyway g are arranged in precisely the same relation as already described, the only difference being that the keyways are in the form of continuous passages by reason of the cutter-head being solid. I also illustrate yin this figure the screw-threaded keyway g, which may in some instances be preferred, and with which I .use a screw-threaded key D instead of the smooth pins D. Having a screw-threaded keyway, I can then use the tool C', having a screw-threaded rear portion and a slightlycontracted front end, or the plain rod C, as .preferred.

Themethod of removing the teeth is simple and sure. When it is desired to remove a tooth, the key of the opposite tooth is first unscrewed and removed or driven into the central opening a, when it can he removed, or if the body vA of the cutter is solid it maybe driven through to the base of the opposite toothwhich is to be removed. The rod C or the tool C can then be inserted through the opening d vacated by the key D or D or followingthe keyD andplaced through the opening e in the base of the socket E of the tooth to 'be removed, which is then driven outward by force applied to the rod C or to the tool C.

By the means described even a tightly-fitting tooth can readily be removed, and in order to secure this desired result the openings e in the bases of the sockets of the teeth and the ways d for the locking-pins of the opposite teeth are arranged in parallel lines in pairs about the cutter, the result of which is a symmetrical construction possessing the highest utility.

Milling-cutters are usually made with a central opening and when of any considerable length theyarein thevform of a sleeve adapted to fit the spindle of the machine on which they are used. I have referred to the central opening as a convenient means for removing the keys D when driven forward. It will be apparent, however, that an impor-tant feature of my invention resides in arranging the opening from ,the socket of one tooth in line with the keyway of the corresponding tooth on the opposite side of the cutter. Therefore if the cutter-head were asolid piece of metal the only difference .between ,thoseshown andsuch a construction would be that the key would be driven by the driving-rod C through the head against the base of the tooth to he removed and would simply act as an extension of the said rod C. l

WhileI have specically described the construction shown in the drawings in order that the invention may be fully understood, I do not limit myself thereby, .since minor kmodifications and changes in the rstructure may be made without ,the exercise of invention in view of the foregoing disclosure.

Having described .my invention, what I claim is- 1. A removable-tooth milling-cutter having tooth-sockets on opposite sides of its periphery, an opening into the hase of each socket and a keyway adjacent to Yeach socket, the keyway on one side being inline with the opening into the base of the tooth-.socket on the opposite side.

2. A removable-tooth milling-cutter having tooth-sockets on opposite sides, openings into the bases of said sockets, keyways for .each

socket, the keyways and the openings into the bases of the opposite sockets being on parallel lines.

3. A milling-cutter having tooth-sockets .on opposite .sides of its periphery, a keyway adjacent to each tooth-socket, the keyway of one socket being in line with and communieating with the opening in the .base of the opa posite tooth-socket.

4. A milling-cutter having sockets on .opposite sides of its periphery, an opening on the side of each tooth-socket for the reception of a locking-key and an opening .in the base of each socket, the opening in the base of the socket being in the same axial line as the open ing for the locking-key of the opposite tooth.

5. A cutter-head having an opening through its center, a series of peripheral sockets, each socket having an opening connecting with the central opening but of less diameter than the socket, a series of smaller openings .adjoining and opening into the .sockets .and into the central opening, removable teeth adapted to be contained within the sockets, and lockin g-pins adapted to be driven into the open- IOO vopenings or keyways adjacent to the toothsoekets and Connected therewith, each set of smaller openings being opposite to the opening into the base of the socket upon the opposite side of the head, removable teeth adapted to be inserted in the sockets, each provided with a groove upon one side, a series of locking-pins adapted to be inserted in the key-` Ways and to engage the teeth, said pins being adapted to be driven through their keyways toward the lcenter by a drivin g-pin adapted to be inserted in the keyway to act upon the base of the opposite tooth.

Signed by Ine at Easton, Pennsylvania, this 22d day of April, 1899.

HENRY SMITH BROWN.

Witnesses:

H. R. FEHR, M. WoLFn. 

